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15.61 Raw PCM files 409
15.61 Raw PCM files
Raw PCM files is an Audio File format that includes no information about bit resolution
or sample rate. If you open a file in this format, WaveLab prompts you to specify the bit
resolution and sample rate. If this is not done correctly, the file will not play back as intended.
Note that the " " file type is WaveLab’s own temporary file format. If you experience a
computer crash you can try opening any stray " " files on your hard disk(s) to restore them.
Tyical file extensions are .raw, .bin, .pcm, .
Glossary contents
15.62 Red Book CD-DA
Red Book is the standard for audio CDs (Compact Disc Digital Audio, or CD-DA). Other
"Rainbow Books" in the series, known by the color of their covers, define the formats of
CD-ROMs, VCD, SACD and other compact disc formats. DVD and Blu-ray formats are not
defined in a Rainbow Book.
The first edition of the Red Book was released in 1980 by Philips and Sony and ratified as
IEC 60908. The standard is not freely circulated - from 2009 the IEC 60908 document
has been available as a PDF download for US 260. The Red Book specifies a compliant
CD-DA in great detail, including the physical properties of the CD, the digital audio encoding
(2-channel, signed 16-bit Linear Pulse Code Modulation, sampled at 44.1kHz), the modu-
lation system, the CIRC error-correction scheme and subcode channels. Data are stored in
sectors of 2352 bytes ("frames"), read at 75 frames/s. The bit rate is 1411.2kbits/s. Other
considerations are that the maximum number of tracks is 99, the minimum duration of a track
is 4 seconds (including a 2-second pause), the maximum playing time is 79.8 minutes, and
the ISRC should be included.
WaveLab provides Red Book-compliant CD mastering.
CD Frame
ISRC
Glossary contents
15.63 Regular Expressions
A Regular Expression (regex for short) is a formula composed of characters that have a
special meaning (called "operators"). A simple example is in using "∗.doc" to search for all
text documents in a file manager. In this case, the asterisk (star) character is an operator that
matches any string before the ".doc" in a filename. In addition to WaveLab, many software
applications, text editors (like EditPad Pro) and programming languages support regular ex-
pressions.
The characters ". [ ] ( ) { } ? ∗ + - | ! /
∧
" are operators in WaveLab's regular expression
engine. You can submit regular expressions in a WaveLab text box wherever you see the
icon. Clicking on the light bulb icon gives a fly-out menu listing special characters and
short cuts, to help you build a precise and well-formed expression.
There are many helpful web-based tutorials that explore the topic of regex.
WaveLab 7
- Getting into the details 1
- Contents 3
- WaveLab 7 10
- WaveLab 7 Help 15
- 2 WaveLab 7 Help 16
- Getting Help 17
- 2.1 Help menu 18
- Using the interface 19
- 3.1 About Tool Windows 20
- 3.2 Adjusting Envelopes 21
- 3.3 Command bars 22
- 3.4 Context menus 23
- 3.5 Docking windows 24
- 3.6 Double clicking 25
- 3.7 Dragging operations 26
- 3.8 Playback shortcuts 28
- 3.9 Select-clicking 29
- 3.10 Shortcut system 29
- 3.11 Sliders 31
- 3.12 Status Bar 32
- 3.13 Switcher window 33
- 3.14 Tab Groups 33
- 3.15 Transport controls 35
- 3.16 Value editing 36
- 3.17 Workspaces 37
- 3.18 Zooming and scrolling 38
- > Navigate backwards/ 39
- 26 Using the interface 40
- WaveLab Concepts 41
- 4.2 Analysis 42
- 4.2.1 Global analysis 43
- 4.2.2 Audio file comparer 44
- 4.2.3 3D Frequency Analysis 44
- 4.2.4 Loudness distribution 45
- 4.3 Authoring CDs and DVDs 46
- 4.4 Markers 48
- > Select menu.You 50
- 4.4.1 Marker types 51
- 4.5 Metering 52
- 4.5.1 VU Meter 53
- 4.5.2 Spectroscope 54
- 4.5.3 Oscilloscope 55
- 4.5.4 Bit Meter 55
- 4.5.5 Phasescope 57
- 4.5.6 Spectrometer 58
- 4.5.7 Wavescope 59
- 4.6 Offline processing 60
- 4.6.1 Change Level 61
- 4.6.2 Level envelope 62
- 4.6.3 Normalize Level 62
- 4.6.4 Silence Generator 63
- 4.6.5 Loop Tone Uniformizer 63
- 4.6.6 Pitch correction 64
- 4.6.7 Time stretching 64
- 4.6.8 Loop Tweaker 65
- 4.6.9 Effect morphing 66
- 4.6.10 Loudness distribution 67
- 4.6.11 Loudness normalizer 67
- 4.6.12 Pan Normalizer 68
- 4.6.13 Pitch bend 68
- 4.6.14 Pitch quantize 69
- 4.6.15 Presets 69
- 4.6.16 Rendering 72
- 4.7 Presets 73
- \Presets 74
- 4.8 Rendering 75
- 4.9 Scripting 76
- /* This a long comment 77
- Global Commands 79
- Audio File Scripting Commands 80
- 4.9.2 ECMAScript Reference 85
- Supported ECMAScript subset 85
- The Global Object 85
- Function Object 86
- Array Objects 87
- String Objects 88
- Boolean objects 89
- Number Objects 89
- Math Objects 89
- Date Objects 90
- RegExp Objects 92
- Error Objects 92
- 4.10 The Spectrum display 93
- 4.11 Spectrum editor 94
- Regular Expressions 101
- 88 WaveLab Concepts 102
- Audio File editing 103
- 5.1 Offline processing 105
- > Undo or Edit > Redo 106
- 5.1.1 Change Level 107
- 5.1.2 Level envelope 107
- 5.1.3 Normalize Level 108
- 5.1.4 Silence Generator 108
- 5.1.5 Loop Tone Uniformizer 108
- 5.1.6 Pitch correction 109
- 5.1.7 Time stretching 110
- 5.1.8 Loop Tweaker 111
- 5.1.9 Effect morphing 112
- 5.1.10 Loudness distribution 112
- 5.1.11 Loudness normalizer 113
- 5.1.12 Pan Normalizer 114
- 5.1.13 Pitch bend 114
- 5.1.14 Pitch quantize 114
- 5.1.15 Presets 115
- 5.1.16 Rendering 117
- 5.2 Analysis 119
- 5.2.2 Audio file comparer 120
- 5.2.3 3D Frequency Analysis 120
- 5.2.4 Loudness distribution 121
- 5.3 Metering 122
- 5.3.1 VU Meter 123
- > Settings 124
- 5.3.2 Spectroscope 125
- 5.3.3 Oscilloscope 125
- 5.3.4 Bit Meter 125
- 5.3.5 Phasescope 127
- 5.3.6 Spectrometer 128
- 5.3.7 Wavescope 129
- 5.4 Transport controls 130
- 5.5 Specific tool windows 131
- > Edit Audio and 132
- > Check CD conformity 133
- > Convert to Audio Montage 133
- 5.5.3 File Browser 134
- 5.5.4 Marker Window 135
- 5.5.5 Metadata window 136
- 5.5.6 Sample attributes 137
- 5.5.8 Spectrum editor 138
- Making and editing selections 138
- Spectrum editor functions 138
- Using the Spectrum editor 139
- 5.6 Shared tool windows 141
- 5.6.1 Phasescope 142
- 5.6.2 VU Meter 143
- 5.6.3 Oscilloscope 144
- 5.6.4 Bit Meter 144
- 5.6.5 Spectroscope 146
- 5.6.6 Spectrometer 146
- 5.6.7 Wavescope 147
- 5.6.8 Timecode 148
- 5.6.9 Background task monitor 148
- 5.6.10 Log window 149
- 5.7 Tools 150
- 5.7.2 Auto Split 151
- 5.7.3 Signal generator 152
- 5.7.4 DTMF Generator 152
- 5.8 Peak Files 153
- 140 Audio File editing 154
- Audio Montages 155
- 6.1 Metering 163
- 6.1.1 VU Meter 164
- 6.1.2 Spectroscope 165
- 6.1.3 Oscilloscope 166
- 6.1.4 Bit Meter 166
- 6.1.5 Phasescope 167
- > Settings... menu 168
- 6.1.6 Spectrometer 169
- 6.2 Tools 170
- 6.2.1 Meta-normalizer 171
- 6.2.2 Configure external tools 171
- 6.3 Transport controls 172
- 6.4 Specific tool windows 173
- 6.4.2 CD 174
- 6.4.3 File Browser 176
- 6.4.4 Marker Window 177
- 6.4.5 History 178
- 6.4.6 Clips 178
- 6.4.7 Focused Clip window 179
- 6.4.8 Notes 180
- 6.4.10 Groups 181
- 6.4.11 DVD-Audio 182
- 6.4.12 Navigator 183
- 6.4.13 Zoom 184
- 6.4.14 Effects 184
- 6.5 Shared tool windows 185
- 6.5.1 Phasescope 186
- 6.5.2 VU Meter 187
- 6.5.3 Oscilloscope 188
- 6.5.4 Bit Meter 189
- 6.5.5 Spectroscope 190
- 6.5.6 Spectrometer 190
- 6.5.7 Wavescope 192
- 6.5.8 Timecode 192
- 6.5.9 Background task monitor 193
- 6.5.10 Log window 193
- 6.6 Audio Montage Colors 194
- > Audio 195
- Batch Processing 197
- > Start 198
- 7.1 Specific tool windows 199
- > Trimmer 202
- > Resizer 203
- > Plug-ins win 203
- > Stereo to Mono 205
- > Pan Normalizer 206
- > Loudness nor 206
- > DC Remover 207
- > Loudness Restorer 207
- 7.2 Shared tool windows 208
- 7.2.1 Background task monitor 209
- 7.2.2 Log window 209
- 7.3 Batch Processing Plug-ins 210
- > Instructor 213
- > Plug-ins window > 213
- > Time Stretch 213
- > Meta-Normalizer 217
- > Meta-Leveler 217
- 204 Batch Processing 218
- Podcasts 219
- 8.1 FTP site 221
- 8.2 Episodes menu 221
- 8.3 Publish menu 221
- 8.4 Specific tool windows 222
- 8.4.1 File Browser 223
- 210 Podcasts 224
- Control Window 225
- 9.1 Specific tool windows 226
- 9.2 Shared tool windows 227
- 9.2.2 VU Meter 229
- 9.2.3 Oscilloscope 230
- 9.2.4 Bit Meter 230
- 9.2.5 Spectroscope 231
- 9.2.6 Spectrometer 232
- 9.2.7 Wavescope 233
- 9.2.8 Timecode 234
- 9.2.9 Background task monitor 234
- 9.3 Metering 235
- 9.3.1 VU Meter 237
- 9.3.2 Spectroscope 238
- 9.3.3 Oscilloscope 238
- 9.3.4 Bit Meter 239
- 9.3.5 Phasescope 240
- 9.3.6 Spectrometer 241
- 9.3.7 Wavescope 242
- 230 Control Window 244
- Master Section 245
- 10.1 Render Wave window 246
- 10.2 Render Montage window 247
- 10.3 Plug-ins settings 247
- > VST Plug-in settings 248
- Interface Elements 249
- 11.1.1 Insert link 252
- 11.1.2 Align Clips 253
- 11.1.3 Recording channels 253
- 11.1.4 Audio CD Report 253
- 11.1.5 Audio file comparer 254
- 11.1.8 Split Clip at silences 255
- 11.1.10 Audio Range 256
- 11.1.12 Auto Split 257
- 11.1.13 Batch Conversion 258
- 11.1.15 Batch Renaming 259
- 11.1.16 CD Text Editor 259
- 11.1.17 CD-Text Browser 260
- 11.1.18 CD Wizard 260
- 11.1.20 Customize Commands 261
- 11.1.21 Data CD/DVD 262
- 11.1.22 DVD-Audio options 264
- 11.1.23 DVD-Audio Creation 264
- 11.1.24 Document list dialog 264
- 11.1.25 Ducking options 265
- 11.1.26 Effect morphing 265
- 11.1.27 Edit playback times 266
- 11.1.31 Frequency range 268
- 11.1.32 FTP site 268
- 11.1.33 Change Level 269
- 11.1.35 Global analysis 270
- 11.1.36 Import Audio CD 271
- 11.1.37 Insert Audio Files 271
- 11.1.38 Level envelope 272
- 11.1.39 Loop Tone Uniformizer 272
- 11.1.40 Loudness distribution 273
- 11.1.41 Loudness normalizer 274
- 11.1.42 Global Preferences 274
- 11.1.43 Convert marker type 275
- 11.1.46 Audio Montage Clone 276
- 11.1.47 Write Audio CD 277
- 11.1.48 Meta-normalizer 277
- 11.1.50 MP2 encoding 278
- 11.1.51 MP3 attributes 278
- 11.1.52 MP3 encoding 278
- 11.1.53 Normalize Level 279
- 11.1.54 OGG encoding 279
- 11.1.55 Open files list 280
- 11.1.56 Pan Normalizer 280
- 11.1.57 Mix dialog 280
- 11.1.58 Pitch bend 281
- 11.1.59 Pitch correction 281
- 11.1.60 Pitch quantize 282
- 11.1.61 Playback speed 282
- 11.1.62 Podcast options 283
- 11.1.63 Text format 283
- 11.1.64 Repeat Clip 284
- 11.1.65 Recently used files 284
- 11.1.66 Recording Dialog 284
- 11.1.67 Record create marker 285
- 11.1.68 Rename File dialog 286
- 11.1.70 Render Montage window 287
- 11.1.71 Render Wave window 287
- 11.1.73 Sample attributes 288
- 11.1.74 Modified files dialog 288
- > Save all 289
- > Save as 289
- 11.1.77 Save Batch Processor 290
- 11.1.78 Save File As 290
- 11.1.79 Save Preset As 290
- > Save picture 291
- > Execute script 291
- > Specific 291
- > Script 291
- > Specific tool 292
- 11.1.84 Signal generator 293
- 11.1.85 Silence Generator 294
- 11.1.86 Smart bypass 294
- 11.1.87 Special File Format 294
- 11.1.88 Spectrogram options 295
- 11.1.89 Surround Panner 295
- 11.1.91 Template List Dialog 297
- 11.1.92 Time Format dialog 297
- 11.1.93 Time stretching 298
- 11.1.94 Track dispatching 298
- 11.1.95 Value Format 299
- 11.1.96 File attributes 299
- 11.1.98 Write Audio CD 300
- 11.1.99 WMA encoding 301
- 11.1.100 Workspace layout 301
- 11.1.101 Write Data CD/DVD 301
- 11.1.102 Loop Tweaker 302
- 11.2 Shared tool windows 303
- 11.2.1 Phasescope 304
- 11.2.2 VU Meter 305
- 11.2.3 Oscilloscope 306
- 11.2.4 Bit Meter 307
- 11.2.5 Spectroscope 308
- 11.2.6 Spectrometer 308
- 11.2.7 Wavescope 310
- 11.2.8 Timecode 310
- 11.2.10 Log window 311
- 11.3 Specific tool windows 312
- 11.3.1 File Browser 313
- 11.3.2 Spectrum editor 314
- 11.3.3 Basic Audio CD 318
- 11.3.5 Metadata window 320
- 11.3.6 Marker Window 320
- 11.3.7 Sample attributes 322
- 11.3.9 Master Project 323
- 11.3.10 Focused Clip window 324
- 11.3.11 Snapshots 325
- 11.3.12 File 325
- 11.3.13 Zoom 326
- 11.3.14 CD 326
- 11.3.15 Clips 328
- 11.3.16 Notes 329
- 11.3.17 Effects 329
- 11.3.18 DVD-Audio 330
- 11.3.20 History 331
- 11.3.21 Navigator 332
- 11.3.22 Groups 332
- > Groups 334
- Audio Plug-ins 335
- 12.1 Audio Input 337
- 12.2 Using External effects 338
- 12.3 Sonnox DeClicker 340
- 12.4 Sonnox DeNoiser 342
- 12.5 Sonnox DeBuzzer 345
- 12.6 Steinberg Autopan 349
- 12.7 Steinberg Chorus 349
- 12.8 Steinberg Compressor 351
- 12.9 Steinberg DeEsser 352
- 12.10 Steinberg Mono Delay 354
- 12.11 Steinberg Distortion 355
- 12.12 Steinberg Dual Filter 356
- 12.14 Steinberg Expander 358
- 12.15 Steinberg Gate 359
- 12.16 Steinberg GEQ-10/GEQ-30 361
- 12.17 Steinberg Limiter 362
- 12.18 Steinberg Maximizer 363
- 12.19 Steinberg Mix 6 to 2 364
- 12.20 Steinberg Mix 8 to 2 365
- 12.23 Steinberg Octaver 369
- 12.25 Steinberg PostFilter 371
- 12.26 Steinberg Roomworks 373
- >90%). Experiment for 375
- 12.27 Steinberg Roomworks SE 376
- 12.28 Stereo Delay 377
- 12.30 Steinberg Studio Chorus 379
- 12.31 Steinberg Studio EQ 380
- 12.33 UV22HR Dithering 383
- 12.35 Steinberg VST Dynamics 385
- The Gate section 386
- The Compressor section 386
- The Limiter section 387
- 12.36 Crystal Resampler 388
- 12.37 Leveler 389
- 12.38 Leveler Multi 389
- 12.39 Peak Master 390
- 12.40 Silence 391
- 12.41 Stereo Expander 391
- 12.42 Internal Dithering 392
- Utilities 393
- 13.3 Data CD/DVD 394
- 13.4 Batch Conversion 396
- 13.5 Batch Renaming 396
- 13.6 Log window 397
- 13.7 Background task monitor 398
- 13.8 Timecode 398
- 386 Utilities 400
- How do I 401
- > Open command 402
- > Create Audio Montage 402
- 14.10 ... create a Podcast? 404
- Glossary 405
- 15.4 Apple Lossless files 409
- 15.5 ALAW files 409
- 15.6 Aliasing 409
- 15.7 Amplitude 409
- 15.8 ASIO 409
- 15.9 Attack 410
- 15.10 Audio montage 410
- 15.11 Bandwidth 410
- 15.12 Bit depth 410
- 15.13 Blu-ray Disk 410
- 15.14 CD Frame 411
- 15.15 CD Pre-emphasis 411
- 15.16 CD Text 411
- 15.17 Chorus 412
- 15.18 Clip 412
- 15.19 Clipping 412
- 15.20 Compression 412
- 15.21 Cross fade 413
- 15.22 DAW 413
- 15.23 DC Offset 413
- 15.24 DDP files 413
- 15.25 Decibel (dB) 414
- 15.26 Dithering 414
- 15.27 DVD-A 414
- 15.28 ECMAScript 415
- 15.29 Ensoniq Paris files 415
- 15.30 Equalization 415
- 15.31 FFT 415
- 15.32 Focused Clip 415
- 15.33 Formant 416
- 15.34 FTP Site 416
- 15.35 Headroom 416
- 15.36 ISO image 416
- 15.37 ISRC 416
- 15.38 Loops 417
- 15.39 Loudness 417
- 15.40 Markers 417
- 15.41 Media Catalog Number 418
- 15.42 MIDI 418
- 15.43 MIDI Channels 418
- 15.44 Mixing 418
- 15.46 MP2 files 419
- 15.47 MP3 files 419
- 15.48 Non-destructive editing 419
- 15.49 Normalize 419
- 15.50 NTSC 420
- 15.51 Ogg Vorbis files 420
- 15.52 OSQ files 420
- 15.53 PAL/SECAM 420
- 15.54 Pan 421
- 15.55 Peak level 421
- 15.56 Plug-ins 421
- 15.57 Pre-roll and Post-roll 422
- 15.58 Preset system 422
- 15.59 Processor cores 422
- 15.60 Quantization 422
- 15.61 Raw PCM files 423
- 15.62 Red Book CD-DA 423
- 15.63 Regular Expressions 423
- 15.64 RF64 files 424
- 15.65 RMS 424
- 15.66 Sample rate 424
- 15.67 SMPTE timecode 424
- 15.68 Sound Designer II files 425
- 15.69 Spectrogram 425
- 15.70 Sun/Java files 425
- 15.71 Tempo 425
- 15.72 Text/Excel files 425
- 15.73 ULAW files 426
- 15.74 UPC/EAN 426
- 15.75 WAV files 426
- 15.76 WAV64 files 427
- 15.77 Waveform 427
- 15.78 Wet/Dry 427
- 15.79 WMA files 427
- 15.80 Zero crossing 427
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